马尔尼菲青霉菌的实验室诊断

Laboratory diagnosis of penicillium marneffei

目的明确并检出患者体内的病原菌为马尔尼菲青霉菌。方法取患者血液、骨髓、皮损分泌物等直接涂片染色镜检,同时做真菌培养,分别置25℃和35℃孵育,观察真菌生长情况及菌落形态,并涂片、固定、染色,显微镜下观察菌体特征。结果培养出双相性真菌,于25℃为青霉相,产生具有特征性的红色色素,镜下可见典型的帚状枝;于35℃为酵母相,无色素产生,镜下可见酵母样细胞,形似腊肠。结论从患者体内分离出的致病菌可排除荚膜组织胞浆菌,鉴定为马尔尼菲青霉菌。

[Objective] To definite the pathogen was penicilliun marneffei （PM） separated from the patient. [Method] The blood or bone marrow or secretion of dermatic lesion was observed directly and incubated at 25℃ and 35℃ respectively for fungi. The growth of PM and the mold colony of PM were inspected and the characteristics of PM＇s smear were observed under microscope. [Results] A kind of dimorphic fungus was cultivated. It appeared to be penicillium type at 25℃ and generated a solube red pigment in surgery medium as a unique characteristic of PM and presented typical broom-shaped under microscope. It appeared yeast type at 35℃ without pigment yielded and presented denticle macroconidiumia sausage-shaped under microscope. [Conclusions] The pathogen separated from the patient ruled out histoplasma capsulatum and was identified PM.