汽车驾驶员饮酒对反应时的影响

Effectofdrinkingondrivers'reactiontime

为研究汽车驾驶员饮酒对反应时的影响，减少交通事故的发生，用自身对照的研究方法对８７名汽车驾驶员饮酒前、后视觉－运动反应时进行了测定。结果表明，饮酒后简单反应时和判断反应时均比饮酒前减慢，判断错误次数比饮酒前增多，差异均有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。不同饮酒量的简单反应时差异无显著意义（Ｐ＞０．０５），而判断反应时和判断错误次数差异均有显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０５），并呈剂量－反应关系。饮酒组驾驶员交通事故发生率高于非饮酒组，差异有非常显著意义（Ｐ＜０．０１）。

Inordertoreducetraficaccidents,theefectofdrinkingindriversontheirreactiontimewasstudied.Ameasurementwasmadeon87truckdrivers'visualreactiontimebeforeandafterdrink-ing.Theresultsshowedthatafterdrinking,bothsimplereactiontimeandjudgingreactiontimewereslowerthanbeforedrinking,andthereweremoretimesofjudgingreactionmistakes(P<0.01).Thesimplereactiontimeofvariousdrinkingamountwasnotsignificantlydiferent,whiletherewereobviousdiferencesinjudgingreactiontimeandjudgingreactionmistakes,showingadose-responserelationship.Therateoftraficaccidentsocurredindrinkinggroupwashigherthanthatofnon-drinkinggroup.Theresultssuggestthattraficacidentsmayrelatetothedecreaseofreactiontimeandtheincreaseofmis-taketimesindriversafterdrinking.