灌水和非灌水条件下冬小麦水分的利用特点研究

Study on the Characteristics of Water Use of Winter Wheat Under the Conditions of Irrigation and No Irrigation

为了探讨灌水和非灌水条件下冬小麦对水分的利用特点,在大田条件下研究了灌水与非灌水两种处理对冬小麦的耗水结构、土壤水分利用程度及水分与产量之间的关系.结果表明,在非灌溉条件下,冬小麦主要利用20～60 cm土层中的水分,冬小麦对土壤贮水的消耗量增加,平均多耗水96.84 mm;土壤水分利用程度提高,较灌水区提高26.8个百分点;耗水系数增加,水分利用效率增大;冬小麦的产量与0～100 cm土层的含水量有密切的关系,这些土层内的含水量变动对产量的影响最大.

In order to understand the characteristics of soil water with winter wheat, the water consumption structure, usable degree of soil water, and relation between soil water and yield were studied under the conditions of irrigation and no irrigation in the field. The results showed that under no irrigation, winter wheat used mostly water of 20～60 cm soil layers, and increased the consumption of soil stored water by 96.84 mm; The using degree of soil moisture rose by 0.268 percentage point; The water consumption index and the efficiency of water use increased udder the condition of no irrigation, and the yield and the water quantity of 0～100 cm soil layer had consanguineous relation, and the variations of water quantity in those layers had the most important effect on yield.