论列宁的“渐进发展”理论

Arguments on Lenin’s “Gradually Development" Theory

十月革命期间,列宁关于俄国社会改造思想的主要内容是进行“计算和监督”,这是“非剥夺剥夺者”的思想,是“渐进发展”的思想。人们一般认为,国内战争时期列宁的思想属于“激进”、“冒进”的思想,即认为他主张快速地向社会主义和共产主义过渡。可是实际上,列宁这一时期坚持并明确论述了“渐进发展”的理论。新经济政策时期,列宁深入阐述了“渐进发展”的理论:“渐进发展”的形式和措施主要是较长时期地发展小农经济,积极利用资本主义,紧紧抓住发展商业的环节,适时地转变工作重心从而消除“激进发展”的态势。

During the October Revolution, lenin＇s social transformation theory on Russia is mainly about ＂calculating and supervising＂, which is the theory of ＂non-deprivation exploiter＂ and belongs to ＂gradually development＂ theory. It is usually believed that during civil war lenin＇s thought is ＂aggressive＂ and rash, insisting on quickly transiting to socialism and communism. But actually lenin insisted on and explicitly expressed the ＂gradually development＂ theory during this period. During the New Economic Policy period, lenin even thoroughly expatiated on the theory. In lenin＇ s view, the forms and measures of ＂gradually development＂ mainly consisted of developing petty farmer economy in a relatively long period, actively making use of the capitalism, emphasizing on developing commerce, changing the focus of work at a proper time to eliminate the trend of ＂aggressive development＂.