祁门县明清时期民间民俗碑刻的调查与研究

On the preservation & research into the tablet inscriptions about folk lore in Qimen during the Ming & Qing Dynasties

经过两年多时间的田野调查,我们在素有“九山半水半分田,包括道路和庄园”的祁门县境内,先后发现有1 3 2块明清时期的民间民俗碑刻。它或立在村头水口,或立在事发地点,或立在祠堂庙宇,起到告之、提醒和警示作用。这些碑刻以其独特的存在形式反映了明清时期徽州府祁门县民间的生活习俗、宗教信仰、宗族条规、山民喜好,如封山、修路、做桥、建祠、续谱、教育、风水等活动,为研究徽州民间民俗提供了第一手资料。

In the past more than two years of field investigation,we have discovered 132 tablets with inscriptions about folk lore in Ming ＆ Qing Dynasties on them in Qimen county,90% of whose area consists of mains with only 10% water and farming land. All these tablets are located in front of some villages or at the scenes of great historic events,or stand in some ancestral hails or memorial temples, acting as announcements, reminders as well as warnings. The inscriptions, in their unique existing way, reflect not only the customs, religious beliefs, patriarchal rules, but also the preference of mountain villagers in ancient Qimen, such as condemning mountains, repairing road, building bridges or ancestral halls, rewriting family tress, education and other activities. They are the original and precious materials for the research into the folk lore in old Huizhou.