离心泵叶片边界层分离对水动力特性的影响

Influence of Vane Boundary Layer on Hydrodynamic Properties Separation in Centrifugal Pump

给出了离心泵叶片近壁表面流体粘性流动的分析方法,通过对叶片压力面边界层参数的计算和边界层分离的判断,确定分离型和流线型叶片型线,又通过对测试泵的性能对比试验,验证了叶片型线对水动力特性的影响,明确了这种影响主要体现在离心泵的水力效率、动力性能方面,并指出叶片形状的变化是导致其表面流体边界层分离点位置移动的主要原因,它决定了边界层是否分离,而过大的分离将使测试泵的性能下降,振动剧烈、噪声增大,并强调应重视边界层分析在叶片水力设计中的作用,同时给出了叶片型线水力设计的评价依据。所得结论对低比转速离心泵水动力特性的改善有参考价值。

The analytical method for fluid viscous flow near surface of vane in centrifugal pump is proposed. According to the calculation of boundary layer parameters on vane pressure surface and the judge of boundary layer separation, the vane curves of separated type and streamline type are determined. And the influence of vane curve on hydrodynamic properties is verified via a comparative test. It is clear that the influence exerts mainly on the aspect of hydro efficiency and dynamic property of centrifugal pump, the variation of vane shape is an important factor to determine whether boundary layer separates. A remarkable separation deceases testing pump performance and results in violent vibration and higher noise. The analysis to boundary layer is emphatically important for hydro design of vane. The evaluated criterion and of vane curve are presented simultaneously.