径流功率理论在黄土坡面侵蚀产沙计算中的应用

Application of unit runoff power theory for sediment yield calculation on loess slope

介绍了径流侵蚀产沙功率理论的基本原理,并应用这一理论对放水冲刷试验中不同坡度和流量条件下的侵蚀产沙特征进行了分析和比较.结果表明,当坡度为3°～27°时,单位径流的侵蚀功率随坡度的增加而增大;当坡度增加到27°时,单位径流功率达到最大值,而后随着坡度的继续增加,单位径流功率有所减少.实测数据和据单位径流侵蚀功率理论计算的坡面单宽径流侵蚀产沙量表现出了相似的变化规律,两者都随坡度的增加呈抛物线变化,坡面单宽径流侵蚀产沙量的最大值都出现在21°左右,且二者之间具有良好的线性关系.说明径流功率理论可以较好地应用于坡面单宽径流侵蚀产沙量的计算.

This paper introducted basic principle of unit runoff power theory first,and then it was applied in runoff scouring experiment for the sediment yield calculation and comparison under different slopes and runoff discharges. Results indicated that when slope was between 3° and 27°, unit runoff power increased with the increase of slope,and its maximum value appeared at 27°slope,which tended to decrease after it was over 27°. There were similar trends in both observed data and the calculated data by unit runoff power theory,which changed with slope like parabola,and the maximum data appeared at 21° slope. Further analysis indicated that linear relation existed between observed data and calculated data ,which implied that it is possible to interpret sediment yield on slope by unit runoff power theory.