咽旁间隙断层解剖与CT影像对比研究及临床意义

Comparative Study of the Sectional Anatomy with CT Imaging of the Parapharyngeal Space

目的为咽旁间隙疾病的影像识别和诊断提供断层解剖学依据。方法选用成人尸体头颈部20例,CT扫描后制成横断切面,经咽隐窝等层面观察咽旁间隙及咽旁结构的解剖学关系,测量咽旁间隙的面积。结果咽隐窝层面的咽旁间隙呈近似三角形,横断面及CT面积分别为(447.6±2.18)mm2(左)、(446.4±2.10)mm2(右)和42.6±3.12mm2(左)、43.1±2.96mm2(右),两侧咽旁间隙及咽旁结构呈对称性。自茎突至咽隐窝的连线将咽旁间隙分为咽旁前、后间隙,CT图像能较好显示咽旁后间隙内各结构的相互关系。结论咽旁脂肪组织、颈内动脉、颈内静脉、茎突、翼内肌是CT诊断的重要解剖学标志,咽旁间隙的横断层解剖对疾病的影像诊断具有重要的临床意义。

Objective To provide sectional anatomic data for radiology and clinical diagnosis of the parapharyngeal space. Methods 20 cadavers underwent CT examination and then transverse specimens were made in head and neck. At pharyngeal recess level et al, parapharyngeal space and parapharyngeal structure were observed, space was measured in the area. Results The shape of the parapharyngeal space was similar triangle at pharyngeal recess level, It was 447. 6±2.18mm^2 （left） and 446.4±2. 10mm^2 （right） on transverse section, 42. 6±3.12mm^2 （left） and 43.1±2.96mm^2 （right） on CT in area of the parapharyngeal space. Parapharyngeal space and parapharyngeal structure were symmetrical of both sides, Parapharyngeal space was divided into two parts by the line from styloid process to pharyngeal recess： preparapharyngeal and retroparapharyngeal space, It was better to show relationship of structures in the retroparapharyngeal space with CT. Conclusion Fatty tissue, internal carotid artery, internal jugular vein, styloid process and medial pterygoid muscle were important anatomical marks for CT diagnosis. Transverse sectional anatomy of the parapharyngeal space has an important significance for imaging diagnosis of diseases.