语篇宏观结构分析在阅读理解中的应用

On the Instructive Significance of Van Dijk's Macrostructure Theory on Reading Text

冯·戴伊克(VanDijk)把语篇的宏观意义部分称为"宏观结构",宏观结构表示的是语篇不同语义层次上的意义组合方式。语篇宏观分析立足于高于命题的层面上对语篇进行分析,从而对其实现整体的把握。通过运用删略规则、概括规则和组构规则可以将语篇的微观结构或微观命题转换成宏观结构。文章还结合实例,对宏观结构理论在语篇阅读理解中的应用及其建设性作用进行探讨。

Van Dijk labels the general meaning of a text as macrostructure, which denotes the combination pattern of meanings on various semantic levels of the text. Based upon supra- propositional level, the analysis of macrostructure studies the core of a text and thereby understands the text comprehensively. Through the application of deletion rule, generalization rule and combination rule, the microstructure of a text can be converted into the corresponding macrostructure. Illustrated by examples, this paper probes into the application of macrostructure theory into the practice of text comprehension as well as the constructive function of the theory.