黄河下游马庄潜坝试验及其应用效果

Phreatic Dam Experiment at Mazhuang in Lower Reaches of Yellow River and Its Practical Effeets

黄河下游的河道整治，多以修建土石结构坝的方法来控导溜势，达到安全行洪的目的。经多年探索后试修的马庄潜坝，低水位时控导溜势，洪水期漫坝溢流。坝的结构由软体沉排和散石坝体两部分组成，采用管膜布防冲，管袋填土压重，从而满足抗浮、抗滑等技术要求。防冲排布的铺放和压重管袋的充填及其在深水中的沉放方法是该坝施工中关键的技术环节。近几年的实践证明，坝体的中导溜作用和沉排的护底功能均达到了设计要求，不需经过反复抢险即可达到根基稳定。修建潜坝属于一次投资，长期受益，动态投资效果优于土石坝。

o meet the objective of safety in flood protection,the way mostly uesd to control flood is to build rock and soil structure dams in lower reaches harness of Yellow River. After many years research,the trial phreatic dam at Mazhuang is applide to control flow at lower water level and is overflow in flood seasons.The dam structure is divides into two major parts of sink raft with soft material and scattered rock as dam,the tube-shaped membrane is used to protect flow,and bagged soil is ueds to get weight for heavy press,therefore to meet the demands of anti-float and anti-slippery. The key step in the dam construction is putting the anti-flow membrane rafts and filling in the heavy bagged soil in the deep water.Practice in recent years demonstrate that the effectivenesses of the dam body in anti-flow as well as in controlling flow and of the sink raft in river bottom protection meet fully the design,and there is no need for rush repair over and over again to keep base stable. Phreatic dam needs only invest once and gets long term effect,and its dynamic investment effect is better than earth and stone dam.