黄河流域水土保持综合效益分析

The Comprehensive Efficiency Analysis of Water and Soil Conservation in Yellow River Basin

新中国成立以来，黄河流域开展了大规模的水土保持工作，全流域有１／３的水土流失面积得到治理，治理保存面积达１５．３８万ｋｍ２，其中扩建设基本农田５１６．９７万ｈｍ２，造林种草１０２１．３万ｈｍ２，还修建了大量治沟骨干工程、人畜饮水工程和小型水保工程。水土保持工作的开展，有效地减少了入黄泥沙，促进了流域经济发展。截至１９９５年底止，黄河流域水保措施共增产粮食６２１．４９亿ｋｇ，果品２５０．７３亿ｋｇ，薪材５８０．４１亿ｋｇ，饲草４５１．９６亿ｋｇ，桔杆７４５．７９亿ｋｇ，蓄水８１２．７４亿ｍ３，拦泥１０６．５５亿ｔ，显示出极大的经济、社会和生态效益。

he water and soil conservation has been extended in very large scale in Yellow RiverBasin with the maintained conservation area of 153, 800 square kilometers in which the basic agricultural land is 5 , 169, 700 square hm,forest and grass planting area is 10, 213, 000 spuare hm andthere have been lots of key projects built for harnessing gullies,water drawing for daily living anddomestic animals,and small scale conservancy projects since the people started to harness the river. All the works reduce the sediment into Yellow River and improve the economics developmentin Yellow River basin. Up to 1995,the water and soil conservation treatments increased totally thegrain production of 62, 149 million kg,fruits of 25,073 million kg,firewood of 58, 041 million kg,forage grass of 45, 196 million kg,straw of 74, 579 million kg,water storage of 81, 274 million cubic meters and sediment reduction of 10, 655 million tons,all of that shown great efficiency in economics,society and ecology.