如何处理翻译中的文化因素:异化与归化

How to Deal with Cultural Factors in Translation:Alienation and Adaptation

翻译中对文化因素的处理一般可分为两种办法:主要以源语文化为归宿(异化)和主要以目的语文化为归宿(归化)。两者之争由来以久,正如争论直译和意译孰之优劣一样,在这一点上中西方的观点是大同小异,是相通的。然而考虑到不同的翻译目的、文本类型、作者意图、以及读者对象,笔者认为翻译中“异化”和“归化”不仅是不矛盾的,而且是互为补充的。

Approaches to cultures involved in translation may be divided into two methods： SL culture-oriented and TL culture-oriented. There has been a heated discussion on which of the two methods is better, just like the debate between literal translation and liberal translation. Based on examples, however, both methods may complement with each other rather than be in contradiction with one another, each of which has its advantages if we take into consideration the differences in the purposes of translation, the type of texts, the intention of the author and the readership.