日本的森林生态效益补偿制度及最新实践

Japanese Compensation Systems for Forest Ecological Benefits and Recent Implementation

系统介绍了日本的保安林制度和水源税制度等2种森林生态效益补偿制度,对我国森林生态补偿制度存在的问题进行了分析,借鉴日本的经验,提出了加大宣传力度,提高全社会对森林生态效益的认识;建立多渠道、多层次的资金筹措机制;进一步完善配套措施,建立多途径、多方式的补偿机制;建立损失评价制度,提高补偿标准;理顺管理体制,明确补偿重点等政策建议。

The paper gave a systematic introduction to two compensation systems for forest ecological benefits ：Japanese protection forest system and water resources taxes system. And an analysis was made on the issues in China＇s compensation systems for forest ecological benefits. Based on the experiences from Japan, some policy proposals were put forward： （1） reinforce propagation; improve the public awareness of forest ecological benefits; （2） make multi-level and multi-channel mechanisms for raising funds; （3） further improve coordinated measures and establish multi-way and multi-form compensation mechanisms; （4） develope an assessment system for loss, raise standards for compensation; （5） regulate managerial systems, and clarify what should be compensated most.