长角血蜱不同龄期虫体免疫原性研究

Immunogencity among Instars of the Tick Haemaphysalis Longficornis

用酶联免疫吸附技术,用长角血蜱三个龄期的虫体蛋白检测其幼虫、若虫和成虫多次叮咬后的兔血清效价.结果表明不同生活阶段的虫体之间存在免疫交叉反应.用SDS-PAGE方法分析了几种蜱类的蛋白质,结果表明长角血蜱不同发育期虫体共有的主要蛋白质有5种,分子量分别为97.4、94、63、37和32kDa;越南血蜱幼虫和微小牛蜱幼虫与长角血蜱不同发育期虫体共有的蛋白质有2种,分子量为97.4、94kDa.用酶联免疫印渍技术研究发现:长角血蜱三个龄期虫体分别叮咬兔产生的抗血清与长角血蜱不同发育期虫体蛋白质印渍,显示出共同蛋白质带,分子量为94kDa.三种抗血清与越南血蜱幼虫印渍显示出的蛋白质,其分子量为97.4、94kDa;与微小牛蜱幼虫蛋白反应显示的蛋白质带,分子量为83、63kDa.实验结果表明不仅长角血蜱三个龄期虫体之间存在免疫交叉反应,而且与微小牛蜱幼虫和越南血蜱幼虫之间也存在免疫交叉反应.

As vector and blood-sucking arthropod, Haemaphsalis longicornis usually causes serious problems to human and animals. For prevention and eradication of tick, much labour force and wealth had to be consumed. Immunological measure is thought to be a promising way for controlling ticks. In this paper, theauthor presents some （tentative） experiments of tick antigens. Anti-sera against larva, nymph and adult of H. longicornis acted reciprocally on antigens derived from larva, nymph and adult of the same species and examined by ELISA technique, the results showed that immune cross-reaction existed between different stadia. Five identical molecular weight proteins were found in different stadia of H. longicornis by SDS- PAGE, these were （97.4 kDa, 94 KDa, 63 kDa, 37 kDa and 32 kDa）; Two identical molecular weight proteins（97.4 kDa and 94 kDa）were separated by SDS-PAGE from the extracts of different stadia of H. longicornis, larvae of H. vietnamensis and larvae of Boophilus microplus respectively. Anti-sera derived from larva, nymph and adult of H. longicornis feeding on rabbits acted with different extracts of different stadia H. longicornis by Western-immunoblotting technique, and showed one identical molecular weight protein （94 kDa）. When above mentioned three anti-sera reciprocally hybridized with extract of larvae of H. vietnamensis manifested two common proteins 97.4 kDa and 94 kDa, these three anti-sera acted with extract of larvae of B. microplus, showing two common molecular weight proteins 83 kDa and 63 kDa. The above results indicated that immune cross-reaction existed not only among different stadia of H. Longicornis, but also among H. longicornis, B. Microplus and H. vietnamensis.