土地开发整理对区域景观格局的影响

Analysis of the landscape spatial pattern influence caused by land development and consolidation

在土地开发整理规划实施前,定量预测规划实施后区域景观格局的变化是土地开发整理规划环境影响评价的主要内容。该文结合景观格局研究的内容和规划对景观格局的影响,在斑块类型水平上选取各景观类型面积、景观百分比、斑块数等8个指标;在景观水平上选取景观优势度、蔓延度指数、聚集度指数等指标。以北京市延庆县为例,应用上述指标,采用规划实施前后对比法分析了土地开发整理规划对景观格局的影响。结果表明规划实施后各指标都有一定的变化。

Forecasting the landscape spatial pattern influence quantitively caused by land development and consolidation planning is an important part of environment impact assessment before the planning is brought into effect. Area-weighted mean shape index, mean euclidean nearest neighbor distance, etc. were identified to analyze quantitatively the landscape spatial pattern and influence on class-level. The landscape spatial pattern and influence on landscape-level were expressed by dominance index, contagion index, cohesion index, etc. Applying those landscape ecology indexes landscape spatial pattern influence caused by the land development and consolidation planning of Yanqing county, Beijing city was studied by comparing landscape characteristics between those before and after planning implementation. The results showed that each index had changed dramatically.