GTOPMODEL模型与TOPMODEL模型比较

Comparison between GTOPMODEL and TOPMODEL

构造了名为GTOPMODEL用于洪水模拟基于栅格的分布式水文模型.通过假设土壤饱和水力传导率随着深度的增加呈指数递减和地下水面平行于地表面,推导出了基本方程;介绍了植物及根系截留、蒸散发、地下水补给、基流以及汇流的计算方法,并与TOPMODEL进行了比较.采用因特网提供的数字高程模型、土壤组成和土地覆盖等资料,选用流域面积4 716 km2的黄河支流洛河卢氏以上流域,应用两个模型进行了洪水模拟比较.结果表明,在该流域GTOPMODEL比TOPMODEL模拟更好.

A distributed grid-based hydrological model named GTOPMODEL was developed for flood simulation. Its basic equations were obtained based on the assumptions that the saturated hydraulic conductivity of the soil varied negativeexponentially with the depth of water, and that the water table was parallel to the soil surface. The calculation methods for plants and root systems-induced interception, evapotranspiration, groundwater recharge, base flow, and nmoff according to the present model were introduced and compared with those of TOPMODEL. With the data of topography, soil composition and land coverage obtained from intemet, the two models were applied to the upper area of the Lushi hydrological station in the Luohe River Basin with an area of 4 716 km^2 for flood simulation. The results show that GTOPMODEL is better than TOPMODEL.