显性自恋与隐性自恋:自恋人格的心理学探析

Overt and Covert Narcissism: A Psychological Exploration of Narcissistic Personality

自恋是一种形式多样化的综合性人格构造,它具有两种不同的形式,即显性自恋和隐性自恋。本研究在文献综述、开放式问卷调查和个别访谈的基础上,编制了自恋人格问卷。经对大学生被试进行测查,结果表明:(1)自编的自恋人格问卷具有较好的信度和效度。(2)因素分析得出显性自恋的四个维度是:权欲、优越感、特权感和自我钦羡;隐性自恋的三个维度是:易感质、特权感和自我钦羡。(3)显性自恋和隐性自恋与心理健康有着不同的关联:前者与心理异常症状不存在显著相关,而后者存在显著正相关。

Narcissism is a synthetical construction of personality, which has two forms： overt and covert narcissism. According to the review of previons researches on narcissistic personality, analysis of open-ended questions, and interview with narcissistic individuals, the authors compiled a Narcissistic Personality Questionnaire. From testing the undergraduates, the result shows that （1） The self-compiled questionnaire isof good reliability and validity; （2） With the method of factor analysis, there are four dimensions for overt narcissism： Authority, Superiority, Entitlement and Self-admiration, and three dimensions for covert narcissism： Vulnerability, Entitlement and Self-admiration; （3） The two forms of narcissism have different association with psychological health： Overt narcissism is not significantly correlated with indicators of mental abnormality, while covert narcissism correlates positively with the same indicators.