土地质量的空间变异与尺度效应研究进展

Review on Spatial Variability and Scale Effects of Land Quality

土地质量能体现自然因素与人类活动对土地的影响,直接关系着环境改善与土地持续利用。20世纪80年代以来,人口增长与经济发展对土地资源的压力越来越大,并导致了不同程度的土地质量退化,人们越来越关注土地质量的提高及其管理。深入认识不同尺度土地质量空间变化与发展对土地质量的提高与管理具有重要意义。本文首先介绍了土地质量和尺度的概念及其特征,阐述了空间变异的研究方法,重点综述了土地质量的空间变异与尺度效应研究进展,并提出了土地质量空间变异及其相关研究的发展趋势,以期对我国土地质量的研究和实现土地资源可持续利用有所启迪。

Land quality indicating the effects of natural factors and human activities on land resource plays an important role in environment improvement and sustainable land use. Population increasing and economic development have brought greater pressures on land resource since 1980＇s, which resulted in different land degradation. More and more governments, international organizations and scientists have paid attention to the improvement and management of land quality, and it is important to deeply understand the spatial variability of land quality in different scales. In this paper, the concept and characteristics of land quality and scale, methdology of spatial variability are first intruduced, then spatial variability and scale effects of land quality is streesed. At the same time, the development trends of land quality spatial variability and its relative researches are discussed, aiming to provide insights into further study of land quality and sustainable land use in China. Future study concerned includes： close relationship between land quality indexes and practical applications; more research on related mechanism and effects; and more focus on land use patterns and ecological processes.