非传统型液晶分子设计与工程研究进展

Molecular Design and Engineering of Non-conventional Liquid Crystalline Systems

从液晶基元连接方式、液晶分子拓扑结构以及凝聚态自组织方式等方面扼要介绍和评述了非传统型液晶分子设计与工程研究进展,并重点介绍了可望引起液晶显示技术革命的双轴向列相香蕉形液晶研究的突破性工作,展望了非传统型液晶分子设计和复杂自组织超分子液晶领域今后的发展方向。

The progress of molecular design and engineering of non-conventional liquid crystals in terms of connective relationships among mesogens, topological structures of liquid crystalline molecules and the self-organization in liquid crystalline condensed state are summarized and the progress on the biaxial nematic banana-shaped liquid crystals which may revolutionize liquid-crystal displays （LCDs） technique is emphasized. Macroscopic chirality can arise from achiral nonlinear banana-shaped molecules by the energetically favorable stacking of polar ordered bent core units which results in a series of non-conventional mesophase morphologies including novel biaxial phases. Especially the discovery and further investigation of biaxial nematic phases may open the new area of LCDs with faster response speed and dramatically lower power consumption. The superstructures and even the dynamic supramolecular liquid crystalline materials from quite unusual and complex types of supramolecular organization are also briefly reviewed. The future developing directions of non-conventional liquid crystal systems are suggested.