黄土高原沙棘灌丛资源保护和发展问题

Conservation and development of the resources of Hippophae rhamnoides scrublands in the Loess Plateau, China

沙棘适合于在干旱瘠薄的黄土高原地区生长,在黄土高原生态恢复、环境治理和经济发展中成效显著,近年来沙棘灌丛资源发展迅速。但由于在沙棘灌丛资源保护和发展中还存在不少问题,使黄土高原区域整体效益并不理想。文章研究了黄土高原地区沙棘灌丛资源的类型,共有6个群系;分析了黄土高原沙棘灌丛资源的现状和效益,其在工矿废弃地治理、砒砂岩区治理、沙化土地治理、水土保持等方面作用明显,对当地畜牧业、食品工业、医药业起到促进作用;探讨了存在的主要问题,一是资源发展问题,二是保护问题,三是管理问题,四是科学技术问题;最后从多个方面提出了黄土高原沙棘灌丛资源保护与发展的对策。

The Hippophae rhamnoides is adapted to the Loess Plateau conditions with frequent droughts and poor soils. It has obvious roles in ecological restoration, environment management and economic development in the loess lands. The area of scrublands of Hippophae rhamnoides has been increasing quickly. However, the efficiency of the whole Loess Plateau region is low because there are some problems in the conservation and development of the scrubland resources. This paper studied the types of Hippophae rhamnoides scrubland resources in the Loess Plateau. There are six vegetation formations of Hippophae rhamnoides scrublands in this area. The present status and efficiency of Hippophae rhamnoides scrublands were analyzed, The effects of these scrublands on recovery of mining lands, developing vegetation in arsenate rock region, controlling desertification and soil and water conservation were obvious. And their roles in development of local animal husbandry, food industry and medicinal industry were also apparent, The main problems in resource development, resource conservation, resource management and science and technology were discussed. Finally, this study put forwards some strategies and measures for the conservation and development of Hippophae rhamnoides scrublands in the Loess Plateau,