生态水文过程对水环境影响研究述评

Review of effect of the ecohydrological process on water environment

当前生态水文过程对水环境影响的国内外研究主要包括生态水文过程的形成、基于生态水文格局分析的生态需水研究、流域尺度上生态水文过程对水文、水质和水生态的影响以及理论、方法与模型研究;但这些研究尚未过渡到生态水文过程的揭示上来,我国的生态水文学研究尤为薄弱。未来生态水文过程与水环境安全调控研究中的主要议题包括:①生态水文过程形成、演化及驱动机制分析;②基于生态水文过程的生态需水时空分异;③流域生态水文过程对地表水水质分异的影响;④流域生态水文过程与水的生态空间变化;⑤近海陆域生态水文过程与近海水质调控;⑥基于现代地理信息技术的生态水文模型研究;⑦基于水环境安全的生态水文决策与管理研究。

The domestic and foreign current research on the effect of ecohydrological process on water environment includes following topics, namely the development of the ecohydrological process, the ecological water requirement based on the ecohydrological patterns, the effects of ecohydrological process on the hydrology, water quality and water ecology, and the relative theory, methods and models. However, theses researches can＇t reveal the ecohydrological process mechanism; furthermore, the studies on the ecohydrology are even weaker. The future topics on the function of ecohydrological on the water environment security regulation are as follows ： ① the mechanism of development and driving force of ecohydrological ; ② secondly, the spatial and temporal difference of ecological water requirement based on the ecohydrological process; ③ the response mechanism of water quality to the ecohydrological process in a basin; ④ the function of ecohydrological process on the ecological water storage ; ⑤ the regulation on the ecohydrological process in land region near sea for the sea water quality security ; ⑥ the ecohydrological model based on modern geographical information system techniques; and ⑦ the ecohydrological decision and management based on the water environment security.