对1995年长江中下游洪水的认识

Characteristics of'95 middle-lower Yangtze flood

１９９５年６、７月间长江中下游干流及洞庭、鄱阳两湖地区发生了较大洪水，加上河湖槽蓄量的变化，中下游干流个别站和两湖的一些支流控制站出现了超历史最高洪水位。作者从峰现时间、洪水组成、洪水位和各河段分布洪量、洪水水面线、水位流量关系等方面对１９９５年长江中下游洪水的特性进行了分析，认为１９９５年长江洪水属于中下游型洪水，大通站最大洪水流量为建国以来仅次于１９５４的较大洪水流量。

The comparatively large floods occurred on the main stem of middle-lower Yangtze and in the Dengting andPoyang lake regions in June-July, 1995. The flood stages at individual stations on Yangtze main stem and its Dongting Lake and Poyang Lake tributaries regions closed and exceeded the corresponding historical highest flood levels. The characteristics of thesenoods are reflected as: earlier occurrence of peak flood in calendar; more flood components joining from the Dengting Lake andPoyang Lake regions;comparatively higher flood stages; and seriously unfavorable combination of flood components on the lowerstretch of coddle Yangtze stem. In order to comprehensively assess and understand the nature of,5 Yangtze floods,this paper isespecially written for relevant department,s reference.