1995年洪水长江中下游堤防险情及抢护

Emergency treatment for Yangtze embankment safety during '95 flood

１９９５年大水中，长江中下游堤防共出险近１．５万处，其数量及恶性险情明显减少，长江干堤无一溃决，反映了堤防建设的成就；长江干堤及湖区圩堤等１２处险情的抢护，为今后防汛抢险提供了借鉴。通过对１９９５年防汛抢险工作，建议：（１）继续加强各类堤防建设；（２）堤防建设中要先除险加固、然后逐步达标；（３）正确处理长江干堤、重点圩堤、一般圩堤等的相互关系；（４）正确对待废旧小堤和隔堤的地位；（５）提高撇洪沟渠堤防洪标准及配套设施；（６）进一步依法加强对河道的管理。

During flood period in 1995, there were nearly 15 000 dangerous events occurred on the dykes and embankmentsof the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Compared to past years the number and seriousness of the events decreasedsignificantly and no bank break occurred on the main dykes. All of these demonstrated the success of the dyke maintenance andconstruction. The experience achieved in urgent repair of 12 cases of dangerous dyke deformation on river and lake banks can beuseful reference for the future. By summarizing the experience of flood--control in 1995 the following suggestions are put forward: (1) continuously enforcing the construction of various kinds of dykes and embankments; (2) enforcement of dyke construction should be realized step by step, by firstly removing dyke's hidden peril and then enhancing the strength and capability ofthe dyke to required standard; (3) Properly dealing with the relation of the Yangtze main dykes, local point dykes and ordinarydykes; (4) Correctly defining the status and function of the abandoned and old dykes 1 (5) Upgrading the standard for flood diversion channel and its side embankments and replenishing and improving the system accessories 4 (6) Further tightening up the rivermanagement on the basis of relevant law and legal provisions.