儒家对强谏的抑扬与强谏者形象的形成

Confucian Modulation of Forced Admonishment and the Formation of the Images of Admonishers

先秦时期,儒家对强谏的评价自相矛盾地徘徊于褒扬与贬斥的两极之中。先秦儒家提倡柔顺的讽谏而否定强谏,相应地,先秦文史著作中的强谏者形象少而单薄;荀子对强谏的提倡影响了西汉的思想界,西汉时期的强谏者来自于不同的地区与阶层,显示出鲜明的个性特征,其形象也更为突出。

In Pre-Qin and Han period, on forced admonishment, Confucian evaluation is self-contradictory, and it wandersfrom absolute compliment to complete denoucement. In Pre-Qin period, Confucian advocated facile admonishment and denied forced admonishment, so in Pre-Qin literature, the images of forced admonishers were few and feeble. But in Han Dynasty, the realm of ideology was influenced by Xun ZI, so in this period, the images of forced admonishers were very outstanding, and these admonishers who were from different regions and social stratum displayed vivid characteristics.