论流量过程线划分的环境同位素方法

On the Hydrograph Separation Traced by Environmental Isotopes

自1987年起,在实验流域和代表流域对现行流量过程线划分两种径流成分的环境同位素法的基本假定进行了实验检验。结果表明,由于沉域水文系统同位素条件的复杂性,8项基本假定大多是不正确观念,应用该模型所得结果误差较大。研究认为对天然流域流量过程线使用环境同位素方法划分两种或两种以上径流组分时,必须具有4项必要条件,才能取得合理结果。

Empirical graphic separation methods with large uncertainties are routinely used for decades to obtain input data, e. g. , the unit hydrograph etc. for various hydrologic models of rainfall-runoff. During 1970's another tracer-based hydrograph separation which attempts to be more physically-based than the above method mostly involves a two-component mixing model for stream flow which relies on the simple mass balance equations of water and isotope is widely used abroad. Eight fundamental assumptions involved in this method and its reality are tested within experimental and representative basins since 1987. From this work, it is concluded that due to the isotopic situation is much more complex than these as sumptions envisioned, most of them seems to be unrealistic notions, it follows that the conclusions of most previous studies based on this kind of two-component mixing model e. g., a much higher propotion of storm runoff is contributed by groundwater, should be reconsidered. It is also concluded from this work that four requisities towards appropriate hydrograph separation into two or more than two components natural basins should be considered.