利用水、旱稻DH系定位产量性状的QTL及其环境互作分析

QTL Mapping and Interactions Between QTL and Environment for Yield and Its Components Using a DH Population Derived from a Lowland and Upland Rice Cross

为研究水、旱栽培条件对水稻产量及其构成因素QTL表达的影响,以粳型陆稻IRAT109和粳型水稻越富杂交的116个株系的DH群体为材料,利用已构建的水稻分子连锁图(其中94个RFLP标记和71个SSR标记),在水田、旱田栽培条件下,定位了千粒重、结实率、有效穗数、穗粒数及单株产量等性状的QTL。结果表明,水田条件共检测到11个加性QTL和13对上位性QTL,旱田条件下检测到18个加性QTL和17对上位性QTL,其中控制千粒重的2个加性QTL和1对上位性QTL及控制有效穗数的1个加性QTL在水田、旱田条件下都检测到。检测到11个控制产量性状QTL区域存在一因多效或紧密连锁,其中3个区域也是控制根系性状QTL的热点区。发现8个加性QTL和8对上位性QTL对表型变异贡献率(以下简称贡献率)大于10%(其中4个加性QTL和5对上位性QTL为旱田条件下检测到),这些高贡献率QTL特别是旱田条件下的高贡献率QTL对旱稻产量性状分子育种具有一定的指导作用。

To study the difference of QTLs for rice yield and its component traits between lowland and upland conditions, a DH （doubled haploid） population including 116 lines, derived from a cross between japonica upland rice IRAT109 and japonica lowland rice Yuefu, was evaluated for plant yield （YP） and its components including 1000-grain weight （GW）, seed setting percentage （SP）, number of panicles per plant （PN） and grains per panicle （GN）. Additive and epistatic QTLs associated with plant yield and its components and interactions between QTL and environment in 2 years were obtained using the constructed molecular linkage map （including 94 RFLP and 71 SSR markers and covering 1535cM. A total of eleven additive QTLs and thirteen pairs of epistatic QTLs under lowland condition and eighteen additive QTLs and seventeen pairs epistatic QTLs under upland condition were detected for plant yield and its components. Two additive QTLs and one pair of epistatic QTLs for 1000-grain weight and an additive QTL for number of panicles per plant were both detected under upland and lowland conditions. Of the eleven pleiotropic or tightly linked QTL regions for yield and its components three regions were also found to be the co-localized regions for root traits. There were eight additive QTLs and eight pairs of epistatic QTLs for plant yield and its components with general contributions of over 10% to phenotypic variation. These QTLs might be useful for upland rice yield molecular marker assisted selection.