摘要
本文分析了公众参与瑞典自然资源管理的4个主要模式,也根据瑞典西海岸两个城市有关沿海资源冲突的经验研究评价了其中一个模式(参与自然环境/空间规划)的优势和不足。与其他行政和规划程序相比,自然规划为协调部门和资源之间土地和水域的管理,也为扩大利益相关者的参与提供了可能性。海岸带管理的地区性影响随着最低的法定条件之外的参与而增加,尽管参与的管理框架和实践需要进一步发展。除了培训专业人员和对现有的程序组合进行实验外,从长远看,使法规适应海岸带综合的和可持续的管理要求是必要的。
This article analyses four main models of participation in Swedish natural resource management and assesses strengths and weaknesses of one model (participation in physical/ spatial planning) based on empirical studies of coastal resource conflicts in two Swedish west coast municipalities.In comparison to other administrative and planning procedures, physical planning offers possibilities to coordinate land and water management across sectors and resources and to broaden stakeholder participation.Local influence on coastal management increases with participation beyond the statutory minimum requirements,although management frameworks and practice of participation need to be developed further.Besides educating professionals and experimenting with combinations of existing procedures,in the long run an adaptation of legislation to the requirements of integrated and sustainable coastal management will be necessary.
