松嫩平原盐碱土的形成与新构造运动关系的研究

Study on the relation between the formation of saline-alkali soil and the Neotectonic Movement

应用地质历史与气候-构造旋回相结合的分析方法,并采用卫星遥感技术,研究、揭示新构造运动对盐碱土形成的控制作用。研究表明,新构造运动的作用与过程为松嫩平原提供了苏打盐份的来源和搬运途径,并营造了盐份的聚集环境。苏打盐份主要富集于全新世盆地的沉降区,沉降中心为现代土壤盐碱化的重灾区。自全新世以来,由于气候的干暖化,积盐作用广泛进行,在地表1.5m深的范围内,发育多层碱土。中全新世以来,在原始的碱性草甸草原上,发育了植被和土被,形成了良好的覆盖层,它们对草原生态环境起了保护作用。自20世纪以来,随着人类对草原的过度开发和气候干暖化,导致土地迅速盐碱化。

Applying the integrated analysis measure of geo-history and climate-tectonic cycle, and the RS technique demonstrates the controlling of Neotectonic movement to the form of saline-alkali soil. It indicates that the neotectonic movement offered the sources and transit approach to soda salinity in Songnen Plain and built up an environment for salinity congregation. Soda salinity was mainly enriched in the sedimentation area of Holocene basin centrally of which was the serious disaster area of modem soil salinization. As to the climate drying and warming up in Holocene, salt accumulating action broadly carried through, and multi-alkali soil was developed within 1.5 m from the surface. From the middle Holocene, vegetation and mantlerock were developed in the original alkaline meadow grassland, and formed a good overlay, which protected the eco-environment of the grassland. Along with the excess exploitation to the grassland and climate drying and warming up since 20th century, the soil has rapidly saline-alkalized.