渭北旱塬花椒灌溉效应研究

Studies on the water requirement and irrigation effect of Chinese prickly ash in Weibei arid area

利用试验资料分析了不同水文年份、灌水时间、耗水量对花椒产量、水分利用效率(WUE)、品质及新生枝条生长量的影响,结果表明:在无灌溉条件下,降水量较多的年份花椒产量较高;干旱年份,在水量缺乏的情况下,应把有限的水量灌到果实膨大期,保证果实膨大期的花椒需水,不仅可以获得较高的产量及WUE,而且可以获得较好的花椒品质;枝条生长量与生长期水分供应有关,充足的水分供应,可保树势健旺。同时为便于花椒需水量计算,确定出花椒的作物系数为0.91。

In this paper, it is analyzed that the different hydrology years, the different irrigating times and the different water consumptions influence the yield, WUE, quality and the amount of new branches of Chinese prickly ash. The results are as follows： Without irrigation, the yield in years having plentiful precipitation is higher than dry years; Irrigate the limited water during the fruit-expanding period if the water is short; In dry years, when the water requirement is sufficed in the fruit-expanding period, the higher yield, higher WUE and better quality will be got; The branch growth amount is related with the supplied water in growth period, and the sufficient water can make the trees strong and vigorous. The crop modulus is ascertained and it is 0. 91, thus the calculation about the water requirement of Chinese prickly ash becomes easy.