运动对大鼠窦房结P细胞、T细胞超微结构及其Bcl-2、Bax表达的影响

Effect of Exercise on Ultrastructure of Sinoatrial Node and the Expression of Bcl-2,Bax in Rats

目的:探讨有氧训练和大强度疲劳训练对大鼠窦房结(Sinoatrialnode,SAN)P细胞、T细胞超微结构及其Bcl-2、Bax表达的影响。方法:采用跑台训练方式,建立大鼠有氧运动和疲劳运动模型。分别采用免疫组织化学SABC法和电镜技术观察SANP细胞、T细胞的Bcl-2、Bax蛋白表达及其超微结构的变化。结果:有氧训练组SANP细胞、T细胞线粒体丰富,细胞连接结构正常;Bcl-2蛋白表达均显著高于对照组和疲劳训练组。疲劳训练组SANP细胞、T细胞胞浆线粒体明显肿胀,嵴断裂并有空泡化表现,细胞连接有扩张表现;Bax蛋白表达均显著高于有氧训练组和安静对照组。结论:不同强度运动训练影响大鼠SANP细胞、T细胞超微结构的变化,尤其是疲劳训练可造成SANP细胞、T细胞结构性微损伤和细胞凋亡的发生。

Objective To investigate the effect of aerobic exercise and exercise - induced fatigue on the uhrastructure of Sinoatrial node（SAN） pacemaker cell（PC） and transitional Cell（TC）, and on the protein expression of Bcl- 2 and Bax in rats. Methods Rat models of aerobic exercise and exercise - induced fatigue were established through running on an animal treadmill. Irmnunohistochemistry SABC was applied to display the expression of SAN PC and TC, and morphometric technology was used to show the change in their ultrastructure. Results In the aerobic exercise group , mitochondria were richer in the SAN PC and TC, and cell connection was normal. However, there were crest cracking, bullae changes and swelling of mitochondria in exercise - induced fatigue group, and cell connection expanded. The expression of Bax in SAN cell in exercise - induced fatigue group was higher than that in the aerobic exercise group and the control group ; the expression of Bcl - 2 in aerobic group was higher than that in the control group and exercise - induced fatigue group. Conclusions Exercise with different intensities demonstrated different effects on the uhrastructure of SAN PC and TC. Exercise- induced fatigue could cause microdamage to SAN PC and TC, and could induce the appearance of apoptosis.