校园绿地生态质量状况研究及优化对策——以西南师范大学主校区为例

ON SPATIAL PATTERNS OF GREEN LAND SYSTEMS IN COLLEGE CAMPUSES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THEIR OPTIMIZATION-A CASE STUDY OF SOUTHWEST CHINA NORMAL UNIVERSITY (BEIBEI CAMPUS)

通过景观生态学的定量研究方法,采用多样性、均匀度、优势度、分维数、斑块形状破碎化指数、连接度和廊道密度7项景观格局数量指标,对西南师范大学校园绿地系统的空间格局进行了定量分析。结果表明:生活区分布大量小型斑块,绿地生态功能受干扰较为严重。全校范围内绿地分布普遍,并具有较好的优势度,但多样性指数的绝对取值偏低,绿化的种类结构丰富度仍然欠缺,并且绿地在全校范围内受到较严重的人为干扰,绿地生态功能的发挥受到削弱。通过分析总结,改进措施一方面是拓展绿地空间分布,更重要的是降低受干扰程度,并优化整体空间格局,以增强绿地系统自身功能稳定性,进而才能达到校园生态质量的全面提升。

A quantitative study has been made of the landscape pattern of the green land system in Southwest China Normal University using 7 indices： diversity, evenness, dominance, fractal dimension, fragmentation, proximity and line corridor density. The results show that the residential areas are dotted with small green land patches, whose ecological functions are severely disturbed. Overall, the distribution of the green land system is widespread in the campus with a fairly good dominance, but its diversity index is rather low and factitious disturbance is severe. It is concluded through the analysis that to improve its virescence quality and strengthen its ecological functions, we should not only expand the area of green land, but also optimize the spatial pattern of the green patches and reduce factitious disturbance.