豆渣膳食纤维提取工艺预处理条件的研究

The Research on Condition for Pretreatment of Dietary Fiber of Bean Dregs

本文介绍的是以一种新的预处理手段一挤压技术,处理豆渣原料,从而提高可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)得率的制备工艺。通过单因素及L9(34)正交试验得出用豆渣提取膳食纤维(DF)最佳工艺条件为:氢氧化钠用量5%、胰蛋白酶用量0.13%、碱浸泡时间60min、碱浸泡温度80℃,产品中小可溶性膳食纤维(IDF)纯度为81.07%,可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)得率6.94%。由于近年来人们对可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的生理功能越来越认可并关注,且相关报道层出不尽,并已知挤压技术的应用可提高膳食纤维中的可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)含量,其主要依据是纤维素在高温、高压、高剪切力和摩擦力的作用下大部分半纤维素和少数纤维素降解成可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)。因此,在豆渣制取膳食纤维(DF)的预处理过程中加入挤压工艺可显著提高其可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的得率。通过L9(33)正交试验得出单螺杆挤压最佳工艺条件为:物料水分25%、挤压温度180℃、螺杆转速175r/min。在此工艺条件下,可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)的得率由6.94%提高到19.45%。

What this text introduced is by means of a new pretreatment technology -Extrusion, dealing with the raw materials of bean dregs, and improving the yield of Soluble Dietary Fiber （SDF）. Through the single factor experiment and L9（3^4）orthogonal experiments, it can be gotten to the optimum processing conditions of bean dregs dietary fiber： the consumption of NaOH was 5% and trypsin was 0.3%, soaking time with alkali was 60 min, soaking temperature was 80℃. The content of Insoluble Dietary Fiber （IDF） in this product was 81.07%, the SDF was 6.94%. Because the physiological function of the SDF was approved and was paid more attention in recent years, the reports about it were more and more too. It was acknowledged that the Extrusion technology can improve content of Soluble in dietary fiber, because the most of the semi-cellulose and a few of the cellulose could be decomposed to the SDF with high temperature, high pressure, high shear strength and friction. Therefore, putting the Extrusion technology in the pretreatment course of producing Dietary Fiber （DF） with bean dregs can obviously improve the yield of the SDF. Through L9（3^4）orthogonal experiments, got the optimum processing conditions of single screw extrusion： 25% of supplies moisture, push temperature 180℃, rotational speed of screw 175r/min. Under these conditions, the yield of SDF was raised to 19.45% from 6.94%.