略论藏学学科的特点

On the Subject characteristics of Tibetan Studies

藏学是指专门研究藏族的精神文化和物质文化的一门学科,它具有单一民族的综合性学科特点。藏学在其发展历程中形成了传统藏学学科体系和现代藏学学科体系。传统藏学学科只限于“大小五明”、地理、历史和传记等范畴,而现代藏学已形成了多学科、深层次、广领域的世界性学科。近30年来,藏学学科得到了空前的发展,并形成自己的学科特点和研究方法,但是,藏学作为一门学科,尚待建立合理的学科体系、科学的理论定式、统一的分类界限和规范的名称术语。

Tibetan studies is a subject that studies the social history, politics, economy, culture and religion of Tibet. It has the characteristics of comprehensive discipline to a single nationality. In the procedure of development of tibetan studies, two systems were formed： traditional and modern systems. Traditional Tibetan studies focus on the geography, history and biography and so on while modern Tibetan studies have been developed to a worldwide subject with multi-discipline. In the recent 30 years, Tibetan studies developed very fast and have their own characteristics and research methods. However, there is still some work need to be done, such as establishing a more rationale subject system, scientific theoretical system, a unified category definition and normal terms.