可生物降解二聚酸酯类的合成及其摩擦磨损性能研究

Synthesis of Biodegradable Dimmer Acid Esters and Study of their Tribological Characteristics

以二聚酸和不同链长的醇为原料,合成了一系列二聚酸酯并对其结构进行表征;考查了其流变学性能以及摩擦磨损性能和抗磨剂在二聚酸二异辛酯为基础油中的摩擦感受性,并对其磨损表面主要元素进行分析;按照D IN-51828-1,2标准对各种试样进行生物降解性测试.结果表明:所合成的二聚酸系列酯的粘温性能良好,醇基烷链越长,二聚酸酯的粘度越高,倾点越低,尤其是异构体的倾点更低;醇基烷链越长,二聚酸酯的抗磨性越优良,承载能力越强;链长相同的二聚酸酯的承载能力和抗磨性随分子支链化(异构化)程度增加略有增加;所合成的二聚酸二异辛酯具有最佳综合性能,其流变学性能和摩擦磨损性能优于季戊四醇酯,是一种性能优良的基础油,并可以生物降解.

A series of dimmer acid esters were synthesized by using dimmer acid and different chain length alcohols, and the molecular structures of synthetic dimmer acid ester were identified. Their theological and tribological characteristics were evaluated and analyzed. Tribological compatibility of different antiwear additives was evaluated and analyzed with Di-iso-octanol dimmer acid ester as base oil. At the same time, main element of the worn steel surface was analyzed. Biodegradability of different base oils was tested according to DIN-51828-1,2. Results show that viscosity temperature property of synthetic dimeric ersters has good performance. Viscosity increases and pour point decreases with alkyl chain, and pour point of branching dimeric ester is much lower. Antiwear property and loading ability increase with the alkyl chain. Antiwear property and loading ability of dimeric esters with the same length of alkylchain increase with isomerization. Integrated characteristics of Di-iso-octanol dimmer acid ester are the best among the synthetic dimmer esters. Its rheological and tribological characteristics are better than that of Pentaerythritol esters （C7-9 acidate）. It is a kind of base oil with good properties and it is biodegradable.