钯催化反应中的β-氢消除反应

β-Hydride Elimination in Palladium-Catalyzed Reactions

总结了作者小组发展的Pd(II)催化的反应,在卤离子或含氮配体(吡啶、联吡啶、菲咯啉等)存在下淬灭碳—钯键以再生二价钯物种.卤离子和含氮配体是完成反应的催化循环和高得率所必需的,它们的主要作用是抑制β-氢消除反应.对于Pd(0)催化的反应,控制β-氢消除也是使偶联反应多样化的一个关键,已发现有许多配体适用于脂肪族化合物的偶联反应.最近,又报道了应用卤离子和菲咯啉衍生物为配体应用于这一目的.

Pd（Ⅱ）-catalyzed reactions were developed using β-heteroatom elimination and protonolysis reaction to quench the carbon-palladium bond in the presence of halide ions or nitrogen ligands （pyridine, bipyridine, phenanthroline, etc.） for the regeneration of the divalent palladium species. Halide ions or nitrogen ligands are necessary for the catalytic cycle and high yield of the reactions. For Pd（0）-catalyzed reactions, control of β-hydride elimination is also a challenge for making coupling reactions more diversified. Different ldnds of ligands were used to make the coupling reaction suitable for aliphatic compounds. Recently, examples using chloride ion or bathophenanthroline for this purpose were also developed.