阀门系统的过流特性及其对瞬变过程的影响

Influence of valve system discharge coefficient on hydraulic transients

阀门的过流特性以及水击压力控制是输水管道优化运行的关键技术之一。为了确定复杂阀门系统的流量系数并控制阀门在关闭过程中产生的水击压力,运用有压管流的基本原理推导出阀门系统的综合流量系数计算公式,并以流量系数的变化过程来评估管路中产生的最大水击压力。结果表明,压力管路中产生的最大水击压力与流量系数的变化规律直接相关,对于同样的管路控制工况,流量系数的变化过程越平缓,所产生的水击压力越小。

The valve discharge coefficient is the key to optimized operation of piping systems, since the valves control the flow and pressure in long-distance conduits in water transfer projects. An equivalent discharge coefficient for complex valve systems was developed based on the hydraulic characteristics of a pressurized pipeline. The water-hammer was then evaluated based on the discharge coefficient curve. The results show that the maximum transient pressure is directly related to the discharge coefficient, so that the maximum transient pressure is smaller when the discharge coefficient slowly decreases.