2001—2004年兰州地区婴幼儿杯状病毒腹泻的流行病学调查

Molecular epidemiology of human caliciviruses diarrhea among infants and young children in Lanzhou from December 2001 to June 2004

目的通过分子流行病学调查研究兰州地区婴幼儿杯状病毒(HuCV)腹泻的特点。方法采用逆转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)对2001年12月—2004年6月兰州地区婴幼儿腹泻轮状病毒ELISA阴性粪便标本进行HuCV检测。结果251份轮状病毒阴性标本中共检出HuCV感染25例,总阳性率9.96%,其中133份2001—2002年的标本中检出HuCV感染12份,阳性率为9.02%,未进行分型;118份2003—2004年的标本中检出HuCV感染13份,阳性率为11.02%,其中诺瓦克样病毒GⅡ型11例,未检出诺瓦克样病毒GⅠ型,札榥样病毒2例,其中有1例合并星状病毒感染。发病年龄以2岁以下患儿为主,呈散发流行,未表现出明显的季节性。结论HuCV是引起兰州地区婴幼儿病毒性腹泻的主要病原之一,其主要流行型可能为诺瓦克样病毒GⅡ型。

Objective To investigate the characteristics of human caliciviruses （ HuCV ） diarrhea among infants and young children with acute diarrhea in Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China by using molecular epidemiologic techniques. Methods Stool specimens were collected from both outpatients and inpatients with acute diarrhea in Lanzhou. Enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay （ELISA） was used to detect rotavirus antigen （RVA）. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions （RT-PCR） were used to detect HuCV in stool specimens of RV ELISA （ - ）. Results Of the stool specimens collected from 515 cases in Lanzhou from December 2001 to June 2004, 264 were RVA ELISA （ ＋ ） and 251 were RVA ELISA （ - ）. Among all cases who were RVA ELISA （ - ） , 25 （9. 96% ） were found positive for HuCV. HuCV was detected in 12 of 133 cases （9. 02% ） from December 2001 to November 2002, no genotyping was performed for these cases. From July 2003 to June 2004 13 of 118 cases （ 11, 02% ） were found positive for HuCV, of whom 11 cases had Norwalk-like virus GⅡ （ NLV GⅡ） infection and 2 cases had Sapporo-like virus infection （ one case had combined infection with astrovirus） and no NLV GⅠ was found. HuCV infection mainly occurred in children under 2 years of age and no seasonal cluster was found. Conclusion HuCV is one of the major etiological agents of viral diarrhea among infants and young children in Lanzhou. NLV GⅡ maybe the predominant genotype.