转基因玉米外源基因通过花粉漂移的频率和距离

Gene flow of transgenic corn to cultivated relatives in China

基因漂移是转基因生物可能引起生态环境安全性问题的主要风险之一,选用美国孟山都公司的转基因抗除草剂玉米GA21进行了外源基因向周边环境遗传漂移的距离和频率的研究,结果表明:转基因玉米的外源基因可以向周边玉米品种进行漂移,其最大漂移频率为45.10%,150m处仍能检测到外源基因的漂移,防止转基因玉米基因向外扩散的最佳途径为设置隔离带,隔离距离以200m以上为好。

Genetic engineering is becoming a useful tool in plants to improve quality, stress tolerance, and pest, disease anti herbicide resistance etc. , however, many concerns have been expressed about whether the transgenic products would pose negative influences on plants and animals, human life and health, as well as on genetic resources and environment. Among many controversial biosafety issues, the potential environmental risks of transgenes flowing from a crop to the environment become one of major topics. Corn is one of major transgeniccrops in the world and transgenic pollen dispersal is considered as a major issue in the risk assessment of transgenic corn. The objective of this study was to determine thegene flow oftransgenic corn under ecologic environment condition in China. A transgenic corn variety GA21 carrying the EPEPS gene was planted in the 5 × 5m^2 plot, while Luyu No. 10, a non-transgenic corn variety was grown surrounding them. From non-transgenic corn plants with various distance from the transgenic corn plot, seeds were collected and then screened for the EPEPS gene using herbicide spray and PCR assay. Highest frequency of the transgene was observed at 0 to 5m distance from transgenic plot and the frequency decreased with increase of the distance. The transgene even could be detected from seeds of non-transgenic plants that were up to 150m away from the transgenic plants. From this experiment ,it can be concluded that for a small-scale field test, The oossibilitv of escaoes of engineered gene to wild relatives was also discussed.