睡虎地秦律“除佐必当壮以上”年龄规定辨析

Discrimination and Analysis of the Age in "To Be Appointed as Assistantsof Local Government Officials,One Must Be in His Prime" Recorded in the Qin Dynasty Law Unearthed in Shuihudi

不能简单地以《礼记.曲礼上》所载:“三十曰壮”来理解睡虎地秦律“除佐必当壮以上”的年龄规定,睡虎地秦律记载本身、商鞅变法的相关政策、秦汉帝王成长的记载、居延汉简统计数据均可否定此说。此年龄规定的合理解释为20岁,这可在睡虎地秦律“壮”与“新傅”的关系中,史载“壮”与“婚”、“壮”与“冠”的演变关系中,墓主喜任职经历及张家山汉简《史律》中找到根据。

The age in ＂To Be Appointed As Assistants of Local Government Officials, One Must Be Over His Prime＂ recorded in the Qin Dynasty Law unearthed in Shuihudi can not be simply understood as over thirty according to ＂thirty is prime＂ as recorded in ＂Liji - Quli＂. This can be refuted by the record of the Qin Dynasty Law itself, the correlative policies of Shangyang Political Reform, records of the growth of the emperors in the Qin and Han Dynasties as well as the statistical data from the bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty unearthed in Juyan. The reasonable explanation of this age should be twenty years old, whose basis can be found in the relationship between ＂to be in one＇ s prime＂ and ＂the procedure of new adult register＂ recorded in the Qin Dynasty Law unearthed in Shuihudi, in developing relationship from between ＂to be in one＇ s prime＂ and ＂marriage＂ to ＂to be in one＇ s prime＂ and ＂the symbol of being an adult by putting on a hat＂ in the historical records, in the entombed Xi＇ s experiences of being in office as well as in ＂Shilti＂ on bamboo slips of the Han Dynasty unearthed in Zhang Jiashan.