外商直接投资、市场集中与福利效应分析——以我国零售产业为例

Foreign Direct Investment, Market Concentration and Welfare Effect ——Taking China's Retailing Industry for Example

在全球经济一体化的背景下,产业资本的跨国流动呈现日益加速的趋势。实证研究显示:外商直接投资与发展中东道国目标产业市场集中度之间存在着明显的正相关关系。成本非对称的古诺竞争均衡表明:跨国公司的成本优势使其产量和市场份额相对较大,市场份额的扩大使其价格偏离帕累托最优水平的程度越大即市场势力增强,造成的社会福利损失也越大。以此为理论基础,对跨国公司进入下我国零售产业的市场集中效应进行了实证检验。

With the integration of global economy, the transnational flows of industry capital take on an increasingly accelerating trend. Empirical research indicates that foreign direct investment has direct correlativity with the market concentration of the target industry of developing host-country. The Nash equilibrium of Cournot game model shows that the cost advantage of transnational corporation makes its quantity higher and market share bigger, and the increasing market share makes the price away from Pareto optimum to a larger degree, i.e. more market power results in more loss of social welfare. With this as the theoretical foundation, it makes an empirical test on the market concentration effect of China＇s retailing industry while more transnational corporations come in.