汉画像宇宙象征主义图式及美学意义

The Cosmo-Symbolism in the Portraiture of Han Dynasty and its Aesthetic Signification

本论文是对汉画像艺术的总体特征进行的研究,论文提出汉画像艺术是一种宇宙象征主义的,进而探讨了汉代中国人对宇宙、天地等的图像表现,分析了汉画像艺术中有关宇宙观、天地观的符号象征的表现图式,如“天圆地方”、“云气画”、“升仙图”等。论文认为,汉画像是汉民族的一个“镜像”,表现了汉民族的集体无意识。汉画像的宇宙象征主义的美学意义在于建构了一个“天人合一”的审美理想,使人摆脱死亡的威胁,使人生活在一个审美的幻象中,使无常的人生具有了宇宙论的意义。

This paper tries to make a holistic study of the art of portraiture of Han dynasty and points out that the Han portraiture is of cosmo-symbolism which shows how the Han people represent the universe with portraits. It also analyses the symbols and the schemata of representation of the world views in such portraits as “The Circular Sky and the Square Land” ,“Cloud and Air,” and “Apotheosis”. The author believes that these portraits are mirrors held to the Han nationality and therefore to the collective unconsciousness of the people. The aesthetic signification lies in the construction of the great “Oneness between Nature and Culture” ,helping people escape from the horror of death and live in an idealistic illusion of beauty, thus giving universal meaning to the ever-changing life of human beings.