杂种小麦SDS沉淀值和干、湿面筋含量的数量遗传分析

Quantitative genetic analysis of SDS sedimentary value and gluten content in wheat hybrids

应用莫惠栋提出的p2双列资料的种子性状遗传表达鉴别方法,研究8个小麦品种及其两两组配的56个杂种植株上F2种子的SDS沉淀值和干、湿面筋含量的遗传,并对其主要遗传参数作出估计。结果表明:①SDS沉淀值在F2种子间有显著遗传分离,其遗传主要受三倍体的胚乳基因型(F2种子)控制;而干、湿面筋含量在F2种子间未发生遗传分离,其遗传可能受二倍体的母体基因型(F1植株)控制。②SDS沉淀值与干、湿面筋含量的细胞质效应均达到了极显著水平,表明母本的选择较重要。③SDS沉淀值具有较高的广义遗传力,而面筋含量则较低。在狭义遗传力上,SDS沉淀值中等,而干、湿面筋均较低。

Inheritance of SDS sedimentary value and gluten content about 8 wheat varieties and their 56 hybrids was investigated by using the p^2 diallel design,and the main genetic parameters of these traits were estimated. The results showed that ： ① Significant segregation among F2 endosperms was detected in SDS sedimentary value of wheat grains, this indicated that the genetic expression of SDS sedimentary value might be controlled by the triploid endosperm genotypes. However, non-significant segregation among Fz endosperms was found in dry and wet gluten,this indicated that these two traits were mainly controlled by the maternal plant genotype. ② The cytoplasmic effects were detected very significantly for all three traits, this indicated that the selection of maternal parent was more important for the high quality wheat breeding, ③ The broad heritability of SDS sedimentary value was estimated up to 90%, and that of gluten content was relatively lower. The narrow heritability of SDS sedimentary value was medium （50.91%）, but that of dry and wet gluten content was smaller.