先秦农业生产方式与中国古代文明的演进

Agricultural Production Style in Pre-Qin and The Evolution of Ancient Civilization of China

先秦农业生产方式可划分为依次递进的四个阶段,即品种阶段、土壤阶段、气候历法阶段和灌溉农业阶段。与之相对应,可分别归结为采集时代、石器时代、青铜时代与铁器时代。由于前贤们对先秦农业生产方式的发展阶段缺乏理解,不能真正洞悉文明早期各个时代的意义,尤其是青铜时代的意义。我们将以农业生产方式的转换为路径来说明中国文明的起源和性质,并对青铜时代的意义给出全新的诠释。

This paper classifies production style in pre-Qin into four stages, according to the main problems and its transformation in production development, which includes： 1. product stage; 2. soil stage; 3. climate and calendric stage; 4. irrigating agriculture stage. This paper then concludes these four stages as gathering era, stone era, bronze era and iron era respectively. However, the previous literatures did not understand the development of agricultural production in pre-Qin, and could not realize the meaning of every stage of early civilization, especially the meaning of the bronze era of Chinese civilization. This paper tries to demonstrate the generation and nature of Chinese civilization through the transformarion of agricultural production style and explains the meaning of the bronze era from a totally new perspective.