我国荒漠地区大规模太阳能的开发利用应该起步

Large-scale Exploitation and Utilization of Solar Energy in Desert Regions of China

简要介绍了荒漠地区作为未来大规模太阳能开发利用基地的重大意义、太阳能发电、能源植物繁殖与制氢的进展与展望。期望我国能与国际大体同步,积极在科技前沿开展有关的基础性、前瞻性与战略性的研究发展工作。

Development of energy resources is paid great attention to in China, the metaphase and long-term programme and the corresponding planning of developing energy resources till 2020 have been worked out in recent years so as to meet the urgent demands of economic and social development in China. According to the all-around, coordinated, sustainable and scientific development concept put forward by the central government, some vital issues about sustainable development of energy resources in China need to be further researched. As the study, development, demonstration and application as well as the large-scale industrialization of a kind of new energy resources need generally the continual efforts for over half a century, the work concerned should be currently done as soon as possible. Viewing from sustainable development, mineral energy resources will be eventually used up, and the main energy resources have to be depended on the renewable energy resources and the controlled nuclear fusion energy, which has become as the accordant knowledge in scientific and technological circles. Considering from energy resources and environment since recent 20 or 30 years, the development of renewable commercial energy resources has been paid a certain attention to and made good progress, and they are used as the accessorial energy resources. The bases and technologies of renewable energy resources must be developed in large scale so as to develop renewable energy resources as the main energy resources in the future, such research work has been started in the world, and some tentative plans have been formed. It is clear that the large-scale bases of solar energy will be built in vast deserts, the solar energy radiation per square kilometer can be up to MkW and an electricity capacity of 50 000～100 000 kW can be generated, and an electricity capacity o f 1 000 MkW can be generated in an area for several percents of the desert regions more than 800 000 km^2 in China. Moreover, solar energy bases can be not only used to generate electricity, but can also be used to produce hydrogen and propagate energy plants. Certainly, we have to make the long-term efforts in researching and progressing the related technologies and industrial development, and the work concerned should be started as early as possible. In this paper, the significance of the deserts as the large-scale exploitation and utilization of solar energy resources in the future is discussed, and the progress and expectation of electric generation with solar energy, propagation of energy plants and the oxygen production with energy plants are also discussed so as to expect that China will be able to keep a rough synchronization in solar energy development with international level, and the foundational, foreseeing and strategic research and development work in scientific and technological fore-fields of solar energy development can be actively carried out. The research on large-scale development of renewable energy resources needs the concerted efforts of experts in many fields, such as resources, environment and transforming technology.