新疆天山北坡经济带城乡建设用地动态变化的时空特征

Temporal-spatial Characteristics of the Urban-rural Construction Land Use Change in the North-piedmont Economic Zone of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang

土地利用变化具有明显的时空特性,是当前国际上开展土地利用/土地覆盖研究的重要内容。通过利用20世纪80年代末和90年代末两个时段的LandsatTM卫星影像,运用GIS空间分析和EXCEL统计分析方法,分析了新疆天山北坡经济带城乡建设用地变化的时空特征及其主要驱动力。结果表明:(1)在这10年的时间里,区域城乡建设用地增长较快,其中特大城市(乌鲁木齐市)和中等城市用地增长迅速。(2)区域城乡建设用地扩张以占用草地和耕地为主。同时,城乡建设用地类型及其结构变化在17市县存在明显的差异。(3)天山北坡经济带城乡建设用地变化是自然和社会经济两大因素共同作用的结果,人口增长、国民经济的增长、工业的发展和政府政策是区域城乡建设用地变化的主要驱动因素。

There are the significant temporal-spatial characteristics of land use change, which are the important contents in the studies on land use/cover change （LUCC） in the world. Based on remote sensing, GIS and Landsat TM digital images, this paper analyzes the temporal-spatial characteristics of urban-rural construction land use change in the north-piedmont economic zone of the Tianshan Mountains in Xinjiang during the period from the late-1980s to the late-1990s by using the methods of spatial analysis and statistical analysis. The results are as follows： （1） The area of lands used for urban-rural construction has been significantly enlarged since recent 10 years, especially in Urumqi （the capital ofXinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region）, Shihezi, Changji and Kuytun; （2） The steppes and farmlands are dominant in the expanded lands used for urban-rural construction, and there are the differences of the types and structure of lands used for urban-rural construction among the 17 counties and cities; （3） The change of urban-rural construction land use is the joint effects of both natural and social-economic factors, and the driving factors resulting in the change of urban-rural construction land use are mainly the population growth, GDP increase, economic development, industrial development, policies, etc.