袁世凯、张之洞与北洋、湖北新军异化比较研究

Difference between the Alienation's Courses of the Northern New Army and the Hubei New Army

清末新军以北洋新军和湖北新军实力最为雄厚。但后者中的革命士兵倒戈打响了辛亥首义的枪声,前者成为袁世凯威逼清室、胁迫革命的私人工具。从袁世凯、张之洞的个人因素来看,袁、张不同的练兵动机导致了迥异的治军之道,进而形成两军相去甚远的内在素质,最终决定了两军不同的政治取向。

From the angle of YUAN Shi-kai＇s and ZHANG Zhi-dong＇s personal effects, the essay has comparatively analyzed the courses of the Northern New Army＇s and the Hubei New Army＇s alienation. It was the difference in their motives for troop training and means of commanding armies which had had different but important influence upon the interior synthetic quality of the two armies, moreover, the quality decided the armymen＇s different political ways.