精深的冯至与博大的艾青——中国现代诗两大家叙论

The Profound FENG Zhi and the Broad AI Qing:Two Case Studies Concerning Two Main Chinese Modern Poets

文章探讨了冯至与艾青现代时期的诗歌创作成就及其文学史意义。认为冯至和艾青在抗战时期以其或精深或博大的创作使中国新诗臻于成熟的现代诗。冯至从20世纪20年代的青春抒情到40年代的存在沉思皆独步一时,对中国诗歌的“言志”传统作出了现代性的拓展。尤其是《十四行集》完美地融合了深刻的沉思和精湛的艺术,将中国现代诗的水准提升到可与伟大的中外诗歌经典相比美的境界。艾青在抗战爆发前后十年间的创作成功塑造了一个诗的“现代中国”的总体形象,这是百年来中华民族从深重的危机中艰难崛起、通过民族解放和人民革命创建现代民族国家的历史进程在诗歌中的创造性表现,虽不是史诗而胜似史诗,允称杜甫之后中国诗歌的又一丰碑。

In this paper, the author discusses the poetry creations of FENG Zhi and AI Qing during the period of modern time （1919--1949） and their respective importance in Chinese modern literary history. The author considers that FENG Zhi and AI Qing promoted Chinese modern poetry to its maturity by their profound and broad creations. FENG Zhi＇s writing, from his 1920＇s young lyric creation to 1940＇s existentialism meditation style composition, were unique in his time. He added factors of modernity to Chinese tradition of “shiyanzhi”（诗言志 poetry as a mean to express one＇s thought and emotion）. His Sonnet Collection, most of the all, perfectly combining profound meditation with exquisite art skill, heightened Chinese modern poetry to the level of comparable to all greatest Chinese and foreign classical poetical works. AI Qing＇s writing within the ten years around the breakout of AntiJapanese war, figured out a whole figure of poetical ‘Modern China＇. It was a poetical expression of one hard hundred years of growing up process of China from the huge and deep crisis, and the historical process of the build up of an independent modern national state through national liberation and people revolution. They were not epic, but with epical importance more than an epic. Fairy to say, they were monumental works in Chinese poetry history after the great poet DU Fu （712--770） which were of classical importance.