城市河流水文过程变化的对比分析

Comparison on the Procedure Variety of City River′s Hydrology Sequences

以西安地区降水序列为参照,利用累积滤波器、Spearman和Kendall秩次相关分析法对比检验了西安城市河流黑河、沣河、灞河年径流序列的趋势性;利用有序聚类分析法推估了城市用水和郊区农业用水对各条河流水文序列的显著干扰年份.结果显示,在1941～2000年,西安城市河流出山径流变化由大到小依次是灞河、黑河、沣河;灞河山口以上年径流序列干扰年份出现在1948年,入渭年径流序列干扰年份出现在1981年;黑河入渭年径流序列干扰年份出现在1979年.黑河、灞河出山年径流序列与入渭河年径流序列突变点移动表明,城市化、郊区农业已对黑河、灞河入渭年径流序列产生深刻影响.

Compared with Xi＇an area＇s precipitation sequence, the tendencies of hydrological sequences of Xi＇ an city runoffs are examined by pile wave strainer, Spearman and Kendall correlative analysis method. The transition points of the hydrology sequences are estimated by cluster technique . The results show that rivers running from the hill are affected. Ba River is the first to be heavily affected, followed by Hei River and Feng River. Before 1965, the disturbing year of Ba River＇s hydrology sequence occurred only in 1948 upwards. After 1970, the disturbing years of Hei River and Ba River＇s hydrology sequences occurred in 1979 and 1981. From the Hei and Ba flow sequences＇ mutation into the culture influence the flow sequences greatly. Wei River indicates that the city and the suburban agriculture influence the flow sequences greatly.