桂中岩溶干旱特征及综合治理对策

Characteristics and Comprehensive Treatment Strategy of Karst Drought in Central Guangxi

分析了桂中岩溶干旱的分布特征、旱灾发生的时空规律和影响因素.揭示了导致干旱的主要因素:其气候特点和岩溶水文地质背景是导致干旱的主要自然因素;人类不合理生产活动,森林覆盖率低和石漠化严重加剧了干旱的程度;对岩溶地下水资源开发利用不足又限制了农业灌溉的发展.综合分析其岩溶干旱的特点和原因,对于岩溶干旱的治理,在峰丛洼地(谷地)区应以开发表层岩溶泉、堵截地下河和建水柜方式解决缺水问题.峰林平原区,解决干旱的途径应以打井、天窗提水方式开采地下水和修建地表水利工程为主.

Karst drought is one of the main factors velopment in central Guangxi. This paper analyzes that restrict economic and the environmental sustainable dethe distribution, occurring law and affecting factors of karst drought in the study area, and reveals the main factors leading to drought. The climate situation and the karst hydrogeological background are the main natural factors. Irrational activity of human, low forest coverage and the heavy rocky desertification lead to serious drought. Moreover, poor exploitation of karst groundwater cannot promote the development of agricultural irrigation. Based on integrated analysis of characteristics and causes of karst drought for solving the drought problems, local people are suggested to use the epikarst spring water to build ponds and develop the underground river in the peak - cluster depression zone, drill wells, draw water from the karst window and improve the reservoirs in the peak -forest plain.