世界历史、英国学派与国际关系理论

World History, the English School and International Relations Theory

针对当前西方国际关系理论在解释现实和预测未来上的混乱和无力,作者提出理解过去成为重构国际关系研究的前提;并且在介绍和评论沃尔兹、吉尔平等为代表的现实主义世界史观和沃勒斯坦世界史观的联系与区别之后,对世界历史中国际力量的结构提出了新的证据,尤其着重介绍了英国学派国际体系和国际社会概念的缘起、演化及理论家们的批判。虽然本文作者即是当前英国学派的代表人物之一,但他并不避讳英国学派在理论上的缺憾,指出巴里·布赞构建在没有共同文化的条件下国际体系也可以转化为国际社会理论框架同时,关闭了一个布尔曾经试图打开的空间。作者认为在解读国际社会的世界历史方面还有很多课题需要深入探讨。

The author argues that understanding the past is the precondition of remaking the study of International Relations. He introduces and reviews the connection and distinction between realist views of world history which led by Waltz and Gilpin and Wallerstein＇ s view of world history, and then provides new evidence for international power structures in world history. The author makes special introduction of the origins, evolution and the theorists＇ critique of the English School＇ s concepts of intemational system and intemational society. Although the author himself is one of the members of the English School, he didn＇ t evade the inadequacy of the English School. He argues that when BuTch establishes his theoretical framework by developing his argument which international systems could transform into international societies even if there isn＇t any common culture, he eliminates the space that Bull was wanting to open up in order to establish a more complex framework for examining intemational relations. According to the author, more research to get a comprehensive understanding of the world history of intemational society is required.